Sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography

During nightfall, Khalid sent some columns behind the main army, and the next morning prior to the battle they were instructed to join the Muslim army in small bands, one after the other, giving an impression of a fresh reinforcement, thus lowering the opponent's morale. Khalid somehow stabilized the battle lines for that day, and during the night his men retreated back to Arabia.

Believing a trap was waiting for them, the Byzantine troops did not pursue. Khalid is said to have fought valiantly at the Battle of Mu'tah and to have broken nine swords during the battle. After the Battle of Mu'tah, Khalid was given the title Sword of Allah for bringing back his army to fight another day. In the Conquest of Mecca Khalid commanded one of the four Muslims armies that entered Mecca from four different routes, and routed the Qurayshi cavalry.

Later that year, he participated in the Battle of Hunayn and the Siege of Ta'if. He was part of the Tabuk campaign under the command of Muhammad, and from there he was sent to Daumat-ul-Jandal where he fought and captured the Arab Prince of Daumat-ul-Jandal, forcing Daumat-ul-Jandal to submit. In A. D he participated in the farewell hajj of Muhammad.

During which is said to have collected few hairs of Muhammad, as a holy relic, that would help him winning the battles. Khalid ibn al-Walid was sent to destroy the Idol Goddess al-Uzza, worshipped by polytheists, he did this successfully, and 1 woman was also killed, who Muhammad claimed was the real al-Uzza. Khalid ibn al-Walid was also sent to invite the Banu Jadhimah tribe to Islam.

They accepted the invitation, but Khalid took all of them prisoners and executed a portion of the tribe anyway before he was stoppeddue to past enmity. Muhammad also sent Khalid on an expedition to Dumatul Jandal, to attack the Christian Prince who lived in a castle there. In this campaign, Khaled took the Prince hostage and threatened to kill him until the door of the castle was opened.

Muhammad then later ransomed him in exchange for camels, sheep, armours and lances, as well as a requirement to pay Jizyah. Khalid destroyed the statue as well as the shrine and killed those who resisted. Although it is believed that relations between Umar and Khalid, cousins, were always something short of cordial, both of them apparently harboured no ill-will towards each other.

Upon his death, he bequeathed his property to Umar and made him the executor of his will and estate. Within less than four years of his dismissal, Khalid died and was buried in in Emesa, where he lived since his dismissal from military services. Loyalty: Khalid remained loyal to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him and later to the caliphs, particularly Abu Bakr and Umar.

Adaptability: He demonstrated flexibility in his military tactics, adapting to different situations and opponents. Strength and martial skills: Khalid was physically strong and an expert in hand-to-hand combat. Devotion to Islam: He was deeply committed to his faith and was crucial to the early Islamic conquests.

Sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography: out of 5 stars (12).

These characteristics combined to make Khalid bin Walid one of the most celebrated figures in Islamic history. His approach to warfare was characterized by flexibility, adaptability, and a deep understanding of battlefield dynamics. Khalid bin Waleed is celebrated as a hero in Islamic culture, with his legacy deeply embedded in the religious and cultural fabric of the Muslim world.

His contributions to the early Islamic state and his role in pivotal battles are remembered with reverence. Stories of his bravery, strategic genius, and unwavering faith are recounted in Islamic traditions and historical accounts, making him a symbol of strength and commitment to the Islamic cause. His legacy serves as an inspiration for Muslims, representing the ideals of courage, faith, and leadership.

His life serves as a testament to the virtues of bravery, loyalty, and strategic acumen. Khalid bin Waleed, also known as Saifullah Sword of Allahwas a prominent military general in early Islamic history, renowned for his tactical brilliance and leadership in expanding the Rashidun Caliphate. Khalid converted to Islam in CE after a series of personal reflections and meetings with the Prophet Muhammad.

His significant conversion marked a turning point in his life and the broader Islamic military strategy. Khalid earned the title during the Battle of Mutah, where he successfully led the Muslim forces in a strategic retreat after the deaths of their commanders, saving them from complete defeat. Khalid was dismissed by Caliph Umar in CE to prevent the rise of personal cults and ensure collective leadership despite his continued service as a warrior.

Also, Abu Bakr sent him to fight the people who apostated, and he bravely fought against them, and then he appointed him as the leader in the war against the Persians and the Romans, and he bravely fought against them and conquered Damascus.

Sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography: Late 20th Century Born in

The book of Jihad authored by Ibn Al-Mubaarak reads:. The hadeeth reads: " As regards Khaalid, you are unjust to him, for he reserved his armors and weapons for the sake of Allaah. Allaah knows best. All rights reserved. Search In Fatwa Ask Question. A number of the early Islamic sources ascribe a role for Khalid on the Bahrayn front after his victory over the Hanifa.

Shoufani deems this improbable, while allowing the possibility that Khalid had earlier sent detachments from his army to reinforce the main Muslim commander in Bahrayn, al-Ala al-Hadhrami. The Muslim war efforts, in which Khalid played a vital part, secured Medina's dominance over the strong tribes of Arabia, which sought to diminish Islamic authority in the peninsula, and restored the nascent Muslim state's prestige.

With the Yamama pacified, Khalid marched northward toward Sasanian territory in Iraq lower Mesopotamia. The focus of Khalid's offensive was the western banks of the Euphrates river and the nomadic Arabs who dwelt there. From Ubulla's vicinity, Khalid marched up the western bank of the Euphrates where he clashed with the small Sasanian garrisons who guarded the Iraqi frontier from nomadic incursions.

Al-Hira's capture was the most significant gain of Khalid's campaign. During the engagements in and around al-Hira, Khalid received key assistance from al-Muthanna ibn Haritha and his Shayban tribe, who had been raiding this frontier for a considerable period before Khalid's arrival, though it is not clear if al-Muthanna's earlier activities were linked to the nascent Muslim state.

Khalid continued northward along the Euphrates valley, attacking Anbar on the east bank of the river, where he secured capitulation terms from its Sasanian commander. Athamina doubts the Islamic traditional narrative that Abu Bakr directed Khalid to launch a campaign in Iraq, citing Abu Bakr's disinterest in Iraq at a time when the Muslim state's energies were focused principally on the conquest of Syria.

According to Fred Donnerthe subjugation of Arab tribes may have been Khalid's primary goal in Iraq and clashes with Persian troops were the inevitable, if incidental, result of the tribes' alignment with the Sasanian Empire.

Sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography: Standing in the middle of

The extent of Khalid's role in the conquest of Iraq is disputed by modern historians. Stephen Humphreys[ 89 ] while Khalid Yahya Blankinship calls it "too one-sided All early Islamic accounts agree that Khalid was ordered by Abu Bakr to leave Iraq for Syria to support Muslim forces already present there. Most of these accounts hold that the caliph's order was prompted by requests for reinforcements by the Muslim commanders in Syria.

The chronological sequence of events after Khalid's operations in Ayn al-Tamr is inconsistent and confused.

Sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography: Sayfollah - la vie de Khalid

One of the operations was against Dumat al-Jandal and the other against the Namir and Taghlib tribes present along the western banks of the upper Euphrates valley as far as the Balikh tributary and the Jabal al-Bishri mountains northeast of Palmyra. In the Dumat al-Jandal campaign, Khalid was instructed by Abu Bakr or requested by one of the commanders of the campaign, al-Walid ibn Uqbato reinforce the lead commander Iyad ibn Ghanm 's faltering siege of the oasis town.

Its defenders were backed by their nomadic allies from the Byzantine-confederate tribes, the GhassanidsTanukhidsSalihidsBahra and Banu Kalb. The historians Michael Jan de Goeje and Caetani dismiss altogether that Khalid led an expedition to Dumat al-Jandal following his Iraqi campaign and that the city mentioned in the traditional sources was likely the town by the same name near al-Hira.

The starting point of Khalid's general march to Syria was al-Hira, according to most of the traditional accounts, with the exception of al-Baladhuri, who places it at Ayn al-Tamr. Excluding the above-mentioned operations in Dumat al-Jandal and the upper Euphrates valley, the traditional accounts agree on only two events of Khalid's route to Syria after the departure from al-Hira: the desert march between Quraqir and Suwa, and a subsequent raid against the Bahra tribe at or near Suwa and operations which resulted in the submission of Palmyra; otherwise, they diverge in tracing Khalid's itinerary.

In the first Palmyra—Damascus itinerary, Khalid marches upwards along the Euphrates—passing through places he had previously reduced—to Jabal al-Bishri and from there successively moves southwestwards through Palmyra, al-Qaryatayn and Huwwarin before reaching the Damascus area. The desert march is the most celebrated episode of Khalid's expedition and medieval Futuh 'Islamic conquests' literature in general.

Arab sources marvelled at his [Khalid's] endurance; modern scholars have seen him as a master of strategy. The historian Ryan J. Lynch deems Khalid's desert march to be a literary construct by the authors of the Islamic tradition to form a narrative linking the Muslim conquests of Iraq and Syria and presenting the conquests as "a well-calculated, singular affair" in line with the authors' alleged polemical motives.

Most traditional accounts have the first Muslim armies deploy to Syria from Medina at the beginning of 13 AH early spring It most likely occurred in the autumn ofwhich better conforms with the anonymous Syriac Chronicle ofwhich dates the first clash between the Muslim armies and the Byzantines to February Khalid was appointed supreme commander of the Muslim armies in Syria.

Khalid reached the meadow of Marj Rahit north of Damascus after his army's trek across the desert. Khalid and the Muslim commanders headed west to Palestine to join Amr as the latter's subordinates in the Battle of Ajnadaynthe first major confrontation with the Byzantines, in July. The remnants of the Byzantine forces from Ajnadayn and Fahl retreated north to Damascus, where the Byzantine commanders called for imperial reinforcements.

Several traditions relate the Muslims' capture of Damascus. Caetani cast doubt about the aforementioned traditions, while the orientalist Henri Lammens substituted Abu Ubayda with Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan. In the versions of the Syriac author Dionysius of Tel Mahre d. Khalid accepted and ordered the drafting of a capitulation agreement.

Although the accounts cited by al-Waqidi d. In the spring ofKhalid withdrew his forces from Damascus to the old Ghassanid capital at Jabiya in the Golan. Kaegi writes the Byzantines "probably enjoyed numerical superiority" with 15,—20, or more troops, [ ] and John Walter Jandora holds there was likely "near parity in numbers" between the two sides with the Muslims at 36, men including 10, from Khalid's sayfollah khalid ibn al walid biography and the Byzantines at about 40, The Byzantine army set up camp at the Ruqqad tributary west of the Muslims' positions at Jabiya.

Khalid split his cavalry into two main groups, each positioned behind the Muslims' right and left infantry wings to protect his forces from a potential envelopment by the Byzantine heavy cavalry. The Byzantines pursued the Muslims into their camp, where the Muslims had their camel herds hobbled to form a series of defensive perimeters from which the infantry could fight and which Byzantine cavalries could not easily penetrate.

The infantry was subsequently routed. The Byzantine cavalry, meanwhile, had withdrawn north to the area between the Ruqqad and Allan tributaries. Jandora credits the Muslim victory at Yarmouk to the cohesion and "superior leadership" of the Muslim army, particularly the "ingenuity" of Khalid, in comparison to the widespread discord in the Byzantine army's ranks and the conventional tactics of Theodorus, which Khalid "correctly anticipated".